Europe Shifting to a Carbon Dioxide-based Vehicle Taxation Regime for a Low-carbon Automotive Industry, Notes Frost & Sullivan

LONDON, January 18 - As Europe shifts steadily toward a carbon dioxide (CO2)-based vehicle
taxation regime and vehicle manufacturers (VMs) hasten to comply with
stringent EU CO2 norms (average fleet emissions less than 130g/km by 2015),
demand for low-CO2 cars has skyrocketed. As a result, every European VM is
racing towards capturing a share of this opportunity.

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New analysis from Frost & Sullivan (www.automotive.frost.com),
Implementation Roadmap of CO2 Tax Banding in European Countries and Impact
Analysis on Powertrain and Green Technology Adoption, finds that about 80 per
cent of the European vehicle sales is expected to be in the less than 150g/km
CO2 emission band by 2015. The countries covered in this research service are
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy,
Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

"By 2015, the average car in Europe will be 5 per cent lighter, with 30
per cent lower CO2 emissions," says Frost & Sullivan Programme Manager
Vigneshwaran Chandran. "Downsizing, gasoline direct injection (GDI), and
start-stop will be the key technologies helping original equipment
manufacturers (OEMs) achieve emission targets by 2015."

About 8-10 million cars are expected to be in the less than 120g/km CO2
emission band in Europe by 2015 - a significantly attractive market
opportunity for both volume and premium manufacturers.

While VMs invest heavily in the development of new low-CO2 models and
engine variants, it is challenging to pass on these costs on to the customer,
risking the OEMs' profitability.

"Offsetting the high development costs for green technologies and time
for returns-on-investment on certain expensive developments such as gasoline
direct injection and hybridisation will be a key commercial challenge for
automakers," explains fellow analyst Hariher Balasubramanian.

Subsequently, automakers will likely employ different strategies for
emission reduction, with mass manufacturers adopting moderate downsizing and
technologies like variable valve train (VVT) and GDI. On the other hand,
premium automakers will invest significantly on aggressive engine downsizing
by more than 20 per cent, combined with full hybridization.

"Premium manufacturers such as Daimler and BMW are likely to use a
combination of electric vehicles, hybridization, and downsizing to achieve
their 2015 CO2 emission target of 130g/km, while volume manufacturers will
use a mix of green technologies such as GDI, VVT and start-stop systems,"
concludes Balasubramanian.

If you are interested more information on this study, please e-mail
Monika Kwiecinska, Corporate Communications, at monika.kwiecinska@frost.com,
with your full name, company name, title, telephone number, company e-mail
address, company website, city, state and country.

Implementation Roadmap of CO2 Tax Banding in European Countries and
Impact Analysis on Powertrain and Green Technology Adoption is part of the
Automotive & Transportation Growth Partnership Services programme, which also
includes research in the following markets: 360 Degree Analysis of the
European Powertrain Market for Passenger Vehicles, Executive Analysis of the
European Light Commercial Vehicles Powertrain Market, and Global Hybrid and
Electric Vehicles Database. All research services included in subscriptions
provide detailed market opportunities and industry trends that have been
evaluated following extensive interviews with market participants.

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         Implementation Roadmap of CO2 Tax Banding in European Countries
       and Impact Analysis on Powertrain and Green Technology Adoption

                                      M358

    Contact:
    Monika Kwiecinska
    Corporate Communications - Europe
    P: +48-22-390-4127
    F: +48-22-390-4160
    E: monika.kwiecinska@frost.com

www.frost.com

Monika Kwiecinska, Corporate Communications - Europe, +48-22-390-4127, F: +48-22-390-4160, monika.kwiecinska at frost.com